The term is most common in biochemistry, where it is a synonym of saccharide (from Ancient Greek σάκχαρον ( sákkharon) 'sugar' ), a group that includes sugars, starch, and cellulose. However, not all carbohydrates conform to this precise stoichiometric definition (e.g., uronic acids, deoxy-sugars such as fucose), nor are all chemicals that do conform to this definition automatically classified as carbohydrates (e.g.
It consists of a molecule of D-galactose and a molecule of D-glucose bonded by beta-1-4 glycosidic linkage.Ī carbohydrate ( / ˌ k ɑːr b oʊ ˈ h aɪ d r eɪ t/) is a biomolecule consisting of carbon (C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) atoms, usually with a hydrogen–oxygen atom ratio of 2:1 (as in water) and thus with the empirical formula C m(H 2O) n (where m may or may not be different from n), which does not mean the H has covalent bonds with O (for example with CH 2O, H has a covalent bond with C but not with O). Lactose is a disaccharide found in animal milk.
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